The 23rd Psalm: A Holocaust Memoir is the prequel to Pillar of Salt: A Daughter’s Life in the Shadow of the Holocaust. Both are soon to be the basis of the groundbreaking documentary film In My Father’s Words.
Twenty years since its first publication, this new anniversary edition of the Holocaust memoir of George Salton (then Lucjan Salzman), gives readers a personal and powerful account of his survival through one of the darkest periods in human history. With heartbreaking and honest reflection, the author shares a gripping first-person narrative of his transformation from a Jewish eleven-year-old boy living happily in Tyczyn, Poland with his brother and parents, to his experiences as a teenage victim of growing persecution, brutality and imprisonment as the Nazis pursued the Final Solution. The author takes the reader back in time as he reveals in vivid and engrossing details the painful memories of life in his childhood town during Nazi occupation, the forced march before his jeering and cold-eyed former friends and neighbors as they are driven from their homes into the crowded and terrible conditions in the Rzeszow ghetto, and the heart-wrenching memory of his final farewell as he is separated from his parents who would be sent in boxcars to the Belzec extermination camp.
Alone at age 14, George begins a three-year horror filled odyssey as part of a Daimler-Benz slave labor group that will take him through ten concentration camps in Poland, Germany, and France. In Płaszów he digs up graves with his bare hands, in Flossenbürg he labors in a stone quarry and in France he works as a prisoner in a secret tunnel the Nazis have converted into an armaments factory. In every concentration camp including Sachsenhausen, Braunschweig, Ravensbrück and others, George recounts the agonizing and excruciating details of what it was like to barely survive the rollcalls, selections, beatings, hunger, and despair he both endured and witnessed.
Of the 465 Jewish prisoners with him in the labor group in the Rzeszów ghetto in 1942, less than fifty were alive three years later when the U.S. Army 82nd Airborne Division liberated the Wöbbelin concentration camp on the afternoon of May 2, 1945. George recalls not only the painful details of his survival, but also the tales of his fellow prisoners, a small group who became more than friends as they shared their meager rations, their fragile strength, and their waning hope. The memoir moves us as we behold the life sustaining powers of friendship among this band of young prisoners. With gratitude for his courageous liberators, Salton expresses his powerful emotions as he acknowledges his miraculous freedom: “I felt something stir deep within my soul. It was my true self, the one who had stayed deep within and had not forgotten how to love and how to cry, the one who had chosen life and was still standing when the last roll call ended.”
This new and substantially reworked Twentieth Anniversary Edition incorporates research based on recently discovered documents related to George Salton’s concentration camp experience, a new foreword by Michael Berenbaum, a new afterword of George Salton’s unpublished speeches, and an insert with newly discovered documents, photographs and artwork by George Salton of his Holocaust experiences, including his self-portrait on the cover.
The 23rd Psalm: A Holocaust Memoir
Discussion Questions
George Salton’s chronicle stands on a pinnacle as one of the most moving and best-written memoirs of the Holocaust. This 20th-anniversary edition includes newly discovered documents and photographs, his original artwork with drawings of the camps, and an important “framing” introduction by Michael Berenbaum.
What makes this memoir so special is how Salton tells us about his three-year nightmare as a slave for the Nazis. He writes in seemingly simple straightforward prose, but his vivid descriptions make us feel as if we are there, with him, as he “walks through the valley of the shadow of death” and somehow survives ten camps.
His memoir begins with a loving portrait of his close-knit middle-class family in the small Polish towns of Tyczyn and Rzeszow before the war. The dramatic decline from his comfortable life as the son of a prominent attorney is captured in small steps until his family is forced into an enclosed ghetto in the spring of 1942. They are plagued by constant hunger and, by winter, perpetual cold as well, as they sell the last of their dwindling possessions. When his parents –and most of the other Jews are deported to the Belzec death camp (where they were murdered), only Salton, who is 14, and his brother Manek, who is 20, are spared – to become slave labor for the Nazis. Over the course of the next 3 years, Salton was sent to ten camps, suffering constant hunger, bitter cold in the threadbare clothing he never changed, and often excruciating pain. Salton and Manek tried to stay together and Manek heeded his mother’s parting plea for him to look after his 14-year-old younger brother, constantly helping him, both materially and psychologically.
Just when we are sure that George cannot survive another day, he was liberated by American soldiers and “recovered” in Feldafing DP camp. We then learn about his life in the United States: marrying, studying to become an engineer, working, and raising his family.
In the end, he wrote “I appear to be a happy and secure man, living the American dream. That is true, but only some of the time. My past, filled with pain and trauma… is with me always.” How could it not be?
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